Proper cannulation angle
The proper cannulation angle for the pancreatic duct is nearly at right angles to the duodenal wall, while bile cannulation requires a more cephalad orientation.
Endoscopic view of a choledochojejunal anastomosis
Endoscopic view of a choledochojejunal anastomosis in a patient who had a gastrointestinal bleed. A laparoscopic side-to-side choledochojejunostomy had been performed 2 months previously for an unresectable distal cholangiocarcinoma causing obstructive j
View of the ampulla through a duodenoscope
View of the ampulla through a duodenoscope. Cannulation requires positioning the catheter at a 6 o’clock location.
Endoscopic visualization of the ampulla of Vater
Endoscopic visualization of the ampulla of Vater. A transverse fold of mucosa overlying the ampulla is frequently seen, as shown here.